saltstack项目实战-系统初始化
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发布于:2019-8-30
最后更新: 2023-10-22
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2019/08/30/1567171499458
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saltstack项目实战-系统初始化
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Oct 22, 2023 01:31 PM
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saltstack项目实战-系统初始化

戴明环

1. 系统初始化

2. 功能模块

尽可能地全、独立、做个基础

设置单独的目录

  • haproxy
  • nginx
  • php
  • mysql
  • memcached

3. 业务模块：根据业务类型划分，例如Web服务。论坛 bbs

include

干活

  1. salt 环境配置
开发 测试（功能测试环境、性能测试环境） 预生产 生产
  1. base 基础环境
    1. init目录 环境初始化
      1. DNS配置
      2. history 记录时间
      3. 记录命令操作
      4. 内核参数优化
      5. 安装yum仓库
      6. 安装zabbix-agent
  1. prod 生产环境
  1. 修改 /etc/salt/master 配置文件中地 file_roots
#####      File Server settings      #####
##########################################
# Salt runs a lightweight file server written in zeromq to deliver files to
# minions. This file server is built into the master daemon and does not
# require a dedicated port.

# The file server works on environments passed to the master, each environment
# can have multiple root directories, the subdirectories in the multiple file
# roots cannot match, otherwise the downloaded files will not be able to be
# reliably ensured. A base environment is required to house the top file.
# Example:
# file_roots:
#   base:
#     - /srv/salt/
#   dev:
#     - /srv/salt/dev/services
#     - /srv/salt/dev/states
#   prod:
#     - /srv/salt/prod/services
#     - /srv/salt/prod/states
#
file_roots:
# 基础环境
  base:
    - /srv/salt/base
# 生产环境
  prod:
    - /srv/salt/prod
  1. 创建相关文件夹
# mkdir -p /srv/salt/base
# mkdir -p /srv/salt/prod
  1. 修改 /etc/salt/master 中地 pillar 配置
#####         Pillar settings        #####
##########################################
# Salt Pillars allow for the building of global data that can be made selectively
# available to different minions based on minion grain filtering. The Salt
# Pillar is laid out in the same fashion as the file server, with environments,
# a top file and sls files. However, pillar data does not need to be in the
# highstate format, and is generally just key/value pairs.
pillar_roots:
  base:
    - /srv/pillar/base
  prod:
    - /srv/pillar/prod
  1. 创建相关文件夹
mkdir -p /srv/pillar/base
mkdir -p /srv/pillar/prod
  1. 重启 salt-master
systemctl restart salt-master
  1. 创建、/srv/salt/base/init /srv/salt/base/init/files 文件夹、存放初始化文件、以及相关配置文件
mkdir -p /srv/salt/base/init
mkdir -p /srv/salt/base/init/files

7. 配置 DNS

  1. dns.sls
/etc/resolv.conf:
  file.managed:
    - source: salt://init/files/resolv.conf
    - user: root
    - gourp: root
    - mode: 644
cp /etc/resolv.conf /srv/salt/base/init/files/
# 目录结构
# .
# ├── dns.sls
# └── files
#     └── resolv.conf

# 1 directory, 2 files

8. 配置 history 记录时间

  • history.sls
# 在/etc/profile 文件地末尾追加一行
/etc/profile:
  file.append:
  # 要写的内容
    - text:
      - export HISTTIMEFORMAT="%F %T `whoami` "

9.记录命令操作哦

  • audit.sls
/etc/bashrc:
  file.append:
    - text:
      - export PROMPT_COMMAND='{ msg=$(history 1 | { read x y; echo $y; });logger "[euid=$(whoami)]":$(who am i):[`pwd`]"$msg"; }'

10. 内核参数优化

  • sysctl.sls
# 本地可用的端口范围
# 作为客户端发起连接时候所使用的
# socket 网络套接字
# 五元组
# 源地址 源端口 目的地址 目的端口 协议
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range:
  sysctl.present:
    - value: 10000 65000
# 打开的最大文件数
fs.file-max:
  sysctl.present:
    - value: 2000000
# Ip转发
net.ipv4.ip_forward:
  sysctl.present:
    - value: 1
# 交换分区使用的权重
# 0值为尽量不使用
vm.swappiness:
  sysctl.present:
    - value: 0

11. 安装yum仓库

  • epel.sls
aliyun_yum_repo_release:
  pkg.installed:
    - sources:
      - epel-release: <https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm>
zabbix_4.0_repo:
  cmd.run:
    - names:
      - rpm -ivh <https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/4.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-4.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm>
      - yum clean all
      - yum makecache
    - unless:
      - cat /etc/yum.repos.d/zabbix.repo

12. 安装 zabbix-agent

zabbix-agent:
  pkg.installed:
    - name: zabbix-agent
  file.managed:
    - name: /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
    - source: salt://init/files/zabbix_agentd.conf
    - template: jinja
    - defaults:
    # 取到 Zabbix_Server 的值
      Server: {{ pillar['zabbix-agent']['Zabbix_Server'] }}
    - require:
      - pkg: zabbix-agent
  service.running:
    - enable: True
    - watch:
      - pkg: zabbix-agent
      - file: zabbix-agent
zabbix_agentd.conf.d:
  file.directory:
    - name: /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d
    - watch_in:
      - service: zabbix-agent
    - require:
      - pkg: zabbix-agent
      - file: zabbix-agent

# 复制文件
cp /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf base/init/files
# 修改文件里面的 server 字段
Server= {{ Zabbix_Server }}

# 启动会报错

# 还未配置 pillar
cd /srv/pillar/base

pillar/base/zabbix/agent.sls

# top.sls
base:
  '*':
    - zabbix.agent

# agent.sls
zabbix-agent:
  Zabbix_Server: 192.168.56.21

# salt "*" state.sls init.zabbix-agent
# 运行测试

13. 高级状态的 init.sls 文件

高级状态：按照 top.sls 执行
# /srv/salt/base/init
# 文件路径

include:
  - init.dns
  - init.history
  - init.audit
  - init.sysctl
  - init.epel
  - init.zabbix-agent

# salt "*" state.sls init.init
# 运行测试

# /srv/salt/base/top.sls
base:
  '*':
    - init.init

➜  base tree
.
├── init
│   ├── audit.sls
│   ├── dns.sls
│   ├── epel.sls
│   ├── files
│   │   ├── resolv.conf
│   │   └── zabbix_agentd.conf
│   ├── history.sls
│   ├── init.sls
│   ├── sysctl.sls
│   └── zabbix-agent.sls
└── top.sls

# zabbix_agent 主动模式
# 在配置文件里面设定
Hostname = {{ Hostname }}


zabbix-agent:
  pkg.installed:
    - name: zabbix-agent
  file.managed:
    - name: /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
    - source: salt://init/files/zabbix_agentd.conf
    - template: jinja
    - defaults:
    # 取到 Zabbix_Server 的值
      Server: {{ pillar['zabbix-agent']['Zabbix_Server'] }}
      Hostname: {{ grains['fqdn'] }}
    - require:
      - pkg: zabbix-agent
  service.running:
    - enable: True
    - watch:
      - pkg: zabbix-agent
      - file: zabbix-agent
zabbix_agentd.conf.d:
  file.directory:
    - name: /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d
    - watch_in:
      - service: zabbix-agent
    - require:
      - pkg: zabbix-agent
      - file: zabbix-agent

# 测试
# salt '192.168.0.13*' state.highstate test=True

14. salt backup 对改动文件进行备份

zabbix-agent:
  pkg.installed:
    - name: zabbix-agent
  file.managed:
    - name: /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
    - source: salt://init/files/zabbix_agentd.conf
    - template: jinja
    # 更改备份
    - backup: minion
    - defaults:
    # 取到 Zabbix_Server 的值
      Server: {{ pillar['zabbix-agent']['Zabbix_Server'] }}
    - require:
      - pkg: zabbix-agent
  service.running:
    - enable: True
    - watch:
      - pkg: zabbix-agent
      - file: zabbix-agent
zabbix_agentd.conf.d:
  file.directory:
    - name: /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d
    - watch_in:
      - service: zabbix-agent
    - require:
      - pkg: zabbix-agent
      - file: zabbix-agent

# 备份文件路径在 /var/cache/salt/minion
➜  minion tree
.
├── accumulator
├── extmods
├── extrn_files
│   └── base
│       └── mirrors.aliyun.com
│           └── epel
│               └── epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
├── file_backup
│   └── etc
│       └── zabbix
│           └── zabbix_agentd.conf_Fri_Jul_26_03:53:26_104407_2019
 
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